Scoliosis

Scoliosis is characterised by a sideways curvature of the spine and is often detected during childhood or adolescence. Scoliosis is a medical condition characterised by an abnormal curvature of the spine, often in the shape of an “S” or “C.” This curvature can develop during growth spurts before puberty or as a result of other factors, leading to asymmetry in the shoulders, hips and waist.

Symptoms Of Scoliosis

A Visibly Curved Spine

A visibly curved spine, characterised by a lateral deviation from the normal alignment, is a hallmark symptom of scoliosis.

Leaning Towards One Side

Leaning towards one side can be due to an imbalance in spinal alignment that often results in an uneven posture.

Uneven Shoulders

Uneven shoulders are a common sign of scoliosis, reflecting an abnormal curvature of the spine that causes one shoulder to appear higher than the other.

One Shoulder Blade More Visible Than The Other

One shoulder blade appearing more prominent than the other is a common sign of scoliosis, reflecting the abnormal lateral curvature of the spine.

One Hip Appears Higher Than Other

One hip appearing higher than the other can be due to an uneven pelvic alignment caused by the abnormal curvature of the spine.

Ribs Sticking Out On One Side

Ribs sticking out on one side can indicate a rotational deformity of the spine that leads to asymmetrical rib prominence.

Causes

  • Degeneration of spinal discs
  • Osteoporosis
  • Hereditary
  • Conditions such as cerebral palsy and muscular dystrophy

Diagnosis

An X-ray is the most effective imaging test that can be used to identify scoliosis. Through an X-ray, the doctor will also be able to determine the seriousness of the spinal curvature.

Scoliosis Treatment In Singapore

Scoliosis treatment depends on the curve’s severity and the patient’s age. Strategies may include non-invasive methods like bracing to prevent further curvature and, in severe cases, surgical interventions. Treatment plans are customised to each patient’s specific needs.

Braces

Boston brace is commonly recommended for scolosis treatment to slow down curve progression during the growing years.

Schroth Therapy

This is a type of physical therapy specific for scolosis treatment that helps to slow down the rate of curvature progression.

Scoliosis Surgery

Surgery is only recommended for severe progressive curves with a Cobbs angle above 40 degrees.

FAQs on Scoliosis

Early detection is critical for effective management of scoliosis, with screenings ideally starting between the ages of 10 and 15. Regular screenings during these critical growth periods can ensure timely intervention and treatment.

Exercise strengthens the muscles around the spine and improves posture. However, to maximise the benefits while minimising the risks, exercises must be tailored to each individual's condition.

The prognosis for individuals with scoliosis varies. Many lead active, healthy lives, while severe cases may require ongoing treatment to manage symptoms and prevent progression.

While scoliosis cannot be prevented, early detection and treatment can significantly manage the condition and improve outcomes. Routine screenings are crucial for early intervention.

Severe scoliosis may lead to complications such as chronic pain, respiratory issues and reduced heart function due to chest compression. Regular monitoring and management are crucial to help patients maintain their health and quality of life.
Our Specialist

About Gamaliel Tan

MBBS (S'pore), MMED (S'pore), FAMS (Ortho), FRCS (Edin)

Dr Gamaliel Tan is a spine surgeon in Singapore with over 25 years of experience in designing and providing effective solutions for different orthopaedic problems. He specialises in spine surgery and has experience in endoscopic spine surgery and motion preservation spine procedures (artificial disc replacements).

Qualifications and Achievements
  • Head of Department, Department of Orthopaedics | NTFGH 2009 - 2018
  • Council member of the AOSpine East Asia group 2017 – 2020
  • Head of the Spine Division | NTFGH 2009 - 2023
  • Group Chief Medical Informatics Officer (GCMIO) | NUHS 2020-2023

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